Name______________________________________________ Mods 15-16

Jerusalem:::

History of the Holy Land - Part 2

1. 1There are more than a ______________________ mosques within the walls of the old city.

2. The center of Arabic life in Jerusalem is the Temple Mount or the Haram al-Sharif. The holiest spot is now crowned by the _________________________________________________.

3. Jerusalem is the _______________________ holiest city in Islam after Mecca and Medina.

4. This city is the city of prophets: from Adam to Abraham to ____________: from Moses to Muhammad.

5. After the Crusades, Jerusalem had reverted to _________________________ rule.

6. The city was passed between various Arab empires until in the 16^th Century, it came under the rule of the Ottoman _________________________.

7. The city thrived under Ottoman rule and built much of what is now Old Jerusalem, including the great ___________ _________.

8. By the 19^th Century, the Ottoman Empire had long fallen into decline; Jerusalem had shrunk to a population of less than ______________________.

9. The 19^th Century was also the era of the “Grand Tour.” Wealthy travelers from Europe and America began to make journeys to the Holy Land in search of culture and ________________________________.

10. This was also the time of the birth of Zionism – the Jewish people’s search for a ___________________ which would allow them to escape the anti-Semitism of Europe.

11. But it was not until the aftermath of the Second World War and the ___________________, that the Jewish people were to make this their own land again.

12. The state of Israel was formed in ______________, but the Arabs refused to recognize this new country. After a series of battles between the Israeli army and the Arab forces, the Old City and the holy sites were in Arab hands, but the Israelis held the Western suburbs and the city was divided.

13. It was not until 1967 . . . in the _________-Day War, after Arab attack, the Israeli army stormed the Old City of Jerusalem and took it for the Jewish state.

14. For the sake of peace, the Israelis handed the Temple Mount back to the Muslims, but after __________ years of exile, the Jewish people now held Jerusalem again.

15. Passover is one of the most important Jewish festivals. They are commemorating the night that ______________ led the Jewish people from their first exile in Egypt to the Promised Land in Jerusalem.

16. The scrolls of the Torah, the ancient Hebrew ______________, are raised above the worshippers’ heads.

17. It is on Friday afternoons that Jerusalem takes on its most unique character. This is the beginning of Shabbat, the Jewish Sabbath, or day of ___________, which runs from sunset on Friday to sunset on Sat.

18. But the laws of God and the desires of man do not always match. There are many secular Jews who wish to _________________________ on the Sabbath.

19. For the ultra-Orthodox Jews, the Jewish Messiah will not come until all of the ____________________ Jews have congregated in this promised land.

20. The borders of Jerusalem have been changed many times, but most dramatically after the Six Day War... Whenever political tensions rise, the Israelis close the _________________ between the city and the Arab areas outside.

21. Jerusalem is a city at the heart of a bitter conflict. The city is patrolled day and night by _____________________ soldiers.

22. Over the past three decades, there have been violent incidents on and around the Temple Mount, involving __________________________ from various groups.

23. Jewish extremists have threatened to break into the area, and on a number of occasions, have succeeded. At other times, Muslims have thrown stones and boulders down onto the ________________ ________.

24. The city lives on the edge of instability; there are checkpoints on every road in and out of Arab areas outside of Jerusalem. Every Palestinian must have correct ____________ or they will not be allowed in.

25. Suicide bombings are the latest escalation in Palestinian terrorism. They have claimed more than ______________ lives in Jerusalem in the course of a single year.